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Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) is pleased to offer monthly audio summaries that feature readings of the issue's most recent research abstracts. Audio summaries ensure accessibility of the information harbored in the journal and provide a convenient way to keep up with the latest in the field.
New summaries will be added in conjunction with each issue of PCCM released, so be sure to sign up for new issue alerts and bookmark this page. Please email journals@sccm.org with any feedback or suggestions.
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The October 2024 issue of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) features diverse articles, including delirium screening in critically ill children, the evolution of PCCM physician clinical and academic profiles by gender, intensity of medical interventions at the end of life, and analysis of ethnicity’s role in measuring oxygen saturations. Clinical investigations examined a simulation-based trial and clinician outcomes using an aerosol box to reduce healthcare worker contamination during procedures, the optimal chest compression point during pediatric CPR, pancreatic stone protein as a sepsis biomarker, association of new morbidities and pediatric intensive care unit readmission, and extracorporeal CPR use among children with heart disease. Brief reports focused on perspectives of parents with critically ill children. The PCCM narrative this month is one we can all relate to when experiencing the death of a patient.
The September 2024 issue of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) features articles on the use of a noninvasive surrogate measurement of physiologic dead space, parental decision regret in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), social determinants of health and health-related quality of life after pediatric septic shock, and health-related quality of life after pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). Clinical investigations cover inequitable resource utilization for common pediatric PICU diagnoses in patients of color, delirium screening post-transplant, the use of driving pressure and its association with duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality, and the adjunctive use of transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring for ventilation in critically ill children. The PCCM trials highlight the absence of legal guardians as a barrier to enrolling PICU patients in research studies and outline the Protocol for the Prone and Oscillation Pediatric Clinical Trial (PROSpect). Lastly, the PCCM narrative this month is a raw account of life after cardiac arrest in a loved one.
The August issue of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) features articles on how management strategies that change after echocardiography improve outcomes in critically ill children, rapid whole genome-sequencing to facilitate timely genetic diagnosis and clinical prognostication, and a secondary analysis of the ADAPT trial to compare levetiracetam and phenytoin in patients with status epilepticus and traumatic brain injury. The clinical investigations examine chest compression depth targets, clinical outcomes in children with a single ventricle after tracheostomy, changes in inhaled nitric oxide use across intensive care units after implementing a standard approach, and outcomes of severe acute kidney injury in children with acute liver failure. The PCCM trial is a randomized controlled trial comparing high-flow nasal cannula to nasal prong bubble continuous positive airway pressure in children with moderate to severe bronchiolitis, and the neurocritical care article compares four definitions of acute brain dysfunction in pediatric sepsis and septic shock.
The July 2024 issue of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) features an article on the association of Pao2 and mortality in neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), use of a biomarker-based risk stratification tool in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome, and bacterial codetection and outcomes for infants intubated for respiratory infections. This month's clinical investigation assesses skeletal muscle mass measurements in pediatric patients and associated factors in PICU patients, and the PCCM trial highlights the protocol used for the PRESSURE randomized controlled trial to evaluate a permissive blood pressure target versus usual care in critically ill children. Finally, the online cardiac intensive care articles investigate outcomes of children with ventricular assist devices (VADs) who were mechanically ventilated and bivalirudin monitoring in patients on mechanical circulatory support including VADS and ECMO. Be sure to check out the supplemental issue supporting the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation Collaborative (PEACE) Consensus Conference!
The June 2024 issue of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) has a strong focus on healthcare resource utilization and peri-PICU hospitalization. Feature articles include post-acute care facilities for pediatric patients; strengths and areas of improvement for interfacility referral communication for PICU patient transfers; sepsis biomarkers in pediatric patients with hypoxemia, encephalopathy, and shock; and post-pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome healthcare burden and resource utilization. This month's PCCM trial shares the results of an early rehabilitation implementation program. Clinical investigations explore post-discharge health-related quality of life, utility of AI language models for generating differential diagnoses, and outcomes of pediatric oncology and hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients who undergo tracheostomy. The cardiac intensive care articles highlight cost analysis and efficacy of nitroprusside versus nicardipine, association of socioeconomic factors and length of stay after surgery for congenital heart disease, and efficacy of prophylactic peritoneal dialysis catheter placement prior to cardiac surgery. Listen for more details!
The May 2024 issue of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) features articles on predicting minute ventilation needs, spiritual care training for pediatric critical care fellows, and the use of nudging for decision-making in conferences with family members. A wide variety of clinical investigations explore organ donation, epidemiology and clinical characteristics of pediatric sepsis in China, use of the Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, chest compression interruption in pediatric extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, use of rotational thromboelastometry and clot waveform analysis as point-of-care-tests for disseminated intravascular coagulation diagnosis, safety and efficacy of ethanol locks for central venous catheter salvage and central line bloodstream infection prophylaxis, and tools to measure physical function in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The cardiac intensive care article explores cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury in neonates undergoing stage 1 palliation/Norwood procedure. The issue ends with two important PCCM perspectives: one describing the tactic of supported privacy for families dealing with a patient’s end of life in the PICU and one investigating the definition of clinical full-time equivalent in U.S. PICUs.
The April 2024 issue features articles investigating immunocompromised-associated pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome, use of formal ethics consultation in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), measuring hemodynamics and end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and insights into the Child Opportunity Index and pediatric intensive care outcomes. Clinical investigations evaluate airway management in children with trisomy 21, iron deficiency in children with anemia who survive critical illness, use of point-of-care ultrasound during mechanical ventilation in patients with dengue shock syndrome, and pediatric sepsis phenotypes and outcomes. This issue also includes a brief report exploring functional status and ECMO candidacy, a special article evaluating machine learning applications in pediatric critical care research, and an online Pediatric Critical Care (PCCM) perspective on study designs for future sedation research. The neurocritical care article offers insights into differences between neurosurgeons and intensivists in decision-making for platelet and plasma transfusion with intracranial monitor placement.
The March 2024 issue features articles on the use of prognostication models for critically ill children in locations with limited resources, the use of noninvasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NIV-NAVA) in infants with bronchiolitis, and the development and validation of a model to predict endotracheal intubation in pediatric intensive care unit patients. Clinical investigation articles explore the use of ultrasound preextubation in patients intubated with cuffed endotracheal tubes; a comparative analysis of the severity of illness scores of organ dysfunction in children with blood culture-proven sepsis; and cognitive, functional, and quality of life outcomes in patients six months after being hospitalized for bronchiolitis. Neurocritical care articles explore neurologic and functional outcomes after traumatic brain injury and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, as well as death by neurologic criteria and withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The cardiac intensive care article analyzes the association of chylothorax with fluid overload after cardiac surgery in neonates with congenital heart disease.
The February 2024 issue highlights three late-breaker articles on various subjects—effects of early rehabilitation in critically ill children, early use of adrenaline infusions in septic shock, and the use of stress ulcer prophylaxis versus placebo in critically ill children with heart disease. Feature articles explore family challenges of PICU patients as well as topics in tracheal intubation. The Pediatric Critical Care Medicine trial and brief report investigate the levels and use of vitamin C and thiamin in children with suspected sepsis. Online clinical investigations cover topics including hospital failure to rescue in postoperative mortality, suicide and self-harm in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the association of hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism with mechanical ventilation. The issue concludes with a study on dying and death in a PICU.
The January 2024 Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) issue covers a wide variety of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) topics to ring in the new year.
This month’s issue features an article examining outcomes after in-hospital cardiac arrest from the ICU-RESUScitation dataset, a second article analyzing the use of the prostacyclin analogue epoprostenol as an anticoagulant in continuous renal replacement therapy in children with liver disease, and a third reviewing tools for predicting fluid responsiveness in pediatric shock. There are many clinical investigations in this issue covering topics such as variability in asthma treatment, perfusion index variations in septic shock, delays in vital signs appearing in the electronic health record, comparing viral DNA detection by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in upper respiratory tract infections with metagenomic RNA sequencing in lower respiratory tract infections, a review of pediatric death after withdrawal of life-sustaining measures, and a survey of PICU clinician perspectives about respiratory cultures in ventilator-associated infections. A systematic review and meta-analysis discusses dexmedetomidine withdrawal in children—an important topic with increasing dexmedetomidine use. Additionally, there is an online laboratory investigation and a few online brief reports.