Therapies

Influence of Geopolitics on Severity and Outcome in COVID-19*

From Critical Care Medicine In this Editorial the authors write an accompanying piece to Mesotten et al. 

Fact Sheet: COVID-19 Test to Treat

Through this program, people are able to get tested and – if they are positive and treatments are appropriate for them – receive a prescription from a health care provider, and have their prescription filled all at one location. These “One-Stop Test to Treat” sites are available at hundreds of locations nationwide, including pharmacy-based clinics, Health Resources Services Administration (HRSA)-supported federally-qualified health centers (FQHCs), and long-term care facilities. People can continue to be tested and treated by their own health care providers who
can appropriately prescribe these oral antivirals at locations where the medicines are distributed. 

Impaired Microvascular Function in Patients With Critical COVID-19

From Critical Care Explorations The authors investigate microvascular function in patients with critical coronavirus disease 2019.

FDA Resource: Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: Emergency Use Authorization for Bebtelovimab

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the emergency use of bebtelovimab for the treatment of mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults and pediatric patients (12 years of age and older weighing at least 40 kg): with positive results of direct SARS-CoV-2 viral testing, and who are at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death, and for whom alternative COVID-19 treatment options approved or authorized by FDA are not accessible or clinically appropriate.

HHS Resource: COVID-19 Therapeutics Locator

The national map below displays public locations that have received shipments of U.S. Government-procured COVID-19 therapeutics under U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) authority. The locations displayed in the locator have reported stock on hand within the last day.

CMS Resource: Coverage of Monoclonal Antibody Products to Treat COVID-19 (Infographic)

Medicare & COVID-19 Monoclonal Antibody Products: Coverage, Coding, Payment and Billing. Monoclonal antibody products to treat Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) help the body fight the virus or slow the virus’s growth. Medicare beneficiaries have coverage without beneficiary cost sharing for these products when used as authorized or approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

WHO Resource: WHO Therapeutics and COVID-19: living guideline

The WHO Therapeutics and COVID-19: living guideline contains the Organization’s most up-to-date recommendations for the use of therapeutics in the treatment of COVID-19. The latest version of this living guideline is available in pdf format (via the ‘Download’ button) and via an online platform, and is updated regularly as new evidence emerges.

FDA Resource: Paxlovid received EUA approval from the FDA

December 22, 2021, the FDA issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for Pfizer’s Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir tablets and ritonavir tablets, co-packaged for oral use) for the treatment of mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in adults and pediatric patients (12 years of age and older weighing at least 40 kilograms or about 88 pounds) with positive results of direct SARS-CoV-2 testing, and who are at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. Paxlovid is available by prescription only and should be initiated as soon as possible after diagnosis of COVID-19 and within five days of symptom onset.

FDA Resource: Molnupiravir received EUA approval from the FDA

The FDA has granted molnupiravir emergency use authorization (EUA) to treat mild to moderate COVID-19 in adults at high risk of severe illness. High risk people include adults aged 65 and over and people with certain medical conditions. The FDA also states that molnupiravir should only be used when other COVID-19 treatments are unavailable. 

Critical Impact: COVID-19: Highlights Session 1

This webinar covers highlights from the Critical Impact: Clinical Practice course.

UCHealth COVID-19 Pharmacotherapy Guidance

This community developed resource is a quick reference guide for utlization of various COVID-19 pharmacotherapies.

Accelerating Coronavirus Disease 2019 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines—Selecting Compounds for Clinical Evaluation in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Clinical Trials

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Review Article the authors established a uniform data collection process required to perform an assessment of any agent type using review criteria that were identified and differentially weighted for each agent class,

For permissive hypercapnia, elevated CO2, and pH, how do you adjust the ventilator, circuit, heat and moisture exchanger, tubing, and positioning?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on September 8, 2021

When monitoring hospitalized COVID-19 patients, both critically ill and noncritically ill, to prevent Stenotrophomonas or other secondary infections or fungal infections, when should prophylactic antibiotics be administered?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on September 8, 2021

What are the current recommended treatments for critically ill patients with COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on September 8, 2021

What is the most appropriate broad-spectrum antibiotic for a patient with a superimposed infection while in the hospital with COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on August 11, 2021

Is there any difference between baricitinib and tocilizumab? Would you choose one over the other?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on August 11, 2021

How often do COVID-19 patients have a secondary bacterial infection? What is the role of antibiotics in these patients?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on August 11, 2021

Can you provide some insight on appropriate vasopressor selection and dosing in these patients?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on August 11, 2021

Can you comment on indications for ivermectin in patients with COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on August 11, 2021

Can you discuss monoclonal antibody use in the hospital setting?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on August 11, 2021

When is the most appropriate time to administer antibiotics versus targeted therapy, (e.g., a gastrointestinal source) for a patient with cyclical fevers? What is your approach to antibiotics for a patient with COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on July 14, 2021

Methylprednisolone and 60 Days in Hospital Survival in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study, the authors found that low-dose methylprednisolone was associated with reduced mortality if given greater than 7 days from onset of symptoms, and no additional benefit greater than 14 days; high dose was associated with higher mortality.

Review of Approved Monoclonal Antibody Treatments for COVID-19

This resource details monoclonal antibody treatments that can be used to treat COVID-19.
This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Have any studies been done with immunoglobulin instead of prolactin?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021

How would you address the recent literature about prolactin as an immunomodulator for COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021

What doses of dexamethasone, antivirals, and immunomodulators do you recommend?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021

Impact of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on ICU Admissions During Lockdown for Coronavirus Disease 2019 in New Zealand—A Retrospective Cohort Study

From Critical Care Medicine.  In this study, the authors found that the he institution of nonpharmaceutical interventions was associated with a significant decrease in elective and acute ICU admissions and ICU resource use. These findings may help hospitals and health authorities planning for surge capacities and elective surgery management in future pandemics.

Online Letter to Editor: Optimal Patient Selection for the Prophylactic Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. This Online Letter to the Editor was written in response to an article by Santoro et al. entitled “Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: Results From a Multicenter International Prospective Registry (Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for Corona Virus Disease 2019 [HOPE-COVID19]).”

What is your opinion of the benefits of zinc?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021

What is your opinion of the benefits of vitamin D?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021

Tocilizumab for the Treatment of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients: Trendy or Tried-and-True?

This resource details an the usage of tocilizumab as a treatment for severe COVID-19.
This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Online Letter to the Editor: Is “Mega-Dose” IV Vitamin C Required for Septic and Critical Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients?

From Critical Care Medicine. This online letter to the editor was written in response to “Reversal of the Pathophysiological Responses to Gram-Negative Sepsis by Megadose Vitamin C” by Lankadeva et al

Online Letter to the Editor: Plasmapheresis Efficiency in Coronavirus Disease 2019: More Related to What You Add and Not What You Take Away?

From Critical Care Medicine. This is an online Letter to the Editor in response to the article by Fernandez et al. “Plasma Exchange: An Effective Rescue Therapy in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection.”

Physiologic Improvement in Respiratory Acidosis Using Extracorporeal Co2 Removal With Hemolung Respiratory Assist System in the Management of Severe Respiratory Failure From Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. In this retrospective case series of 29 patients, the authors demonstrated efficacy of extracorporeal Co2 removal using the Hemolung Respiratory Assist System to improve respiratory acidosis in patients with severe hypercapnic respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease 2019.

What is the role of ivermectin in the treatment of COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on February 24, 2021

What is the current role of tocilizumab?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on February 24, 2021

What is your recommendation on use of neuromuscular blockade?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on February 24, 2021.

The Role of Aspirin for the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2

This resource details the role of aspirin when treating COVID-19 patients.

von Willebrand Factor Multimer Formation Contributes to Immunothrombosis in Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine.  The authors believe that the findings of this study provide a rationale to consider plasma exchange as a therapeutic option in COVID-19 and to include von Willebrand factor and ADAMTS13 in the diagnostic workup.

SCCM’s 50th Critical Care Congress: Surviving Sepsis Campaign COVID-19 Guidelines Therapeutics Update

From SCCM's 50th Critical Care Congress. Learn more about the guidelines therapeutics update and the methodology and its application to public health emergencies.

IDSA Resources: Pharmacology

SCCM’s COVID-19 Rapid Resource Center now links to pertinent content from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) COVID-19 Real-Time Learning Network. These resources are categorized as Pharmacology

Post-Hospital Treatment of Pain

This resource details the post-hospital treament of pain.

This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

How do you decide whether there might be a superimposed bacterial pneumonia? What is your antibiotic of choice for treating this pneumonia?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on January 13, 2021.

Do you have any experience with tocilizumab and related drugs? What is your impression of them?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on December 9, 2020.

What medication adjuncts can clinicians use for the patient with severe hypoxemia who is receiving 100% oxygen but only getting an oxygen reading of 90%? What are some strategies clinicians can use to reduce some of these difficulties?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on December 9, 2020.

Propofol-Associated Hypertriglyceridemia in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Versus Noncoronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

From Critical Care Explorations

In this study, the authors found that patients with coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome experienced a higher rate of propofol-associated hypertriglyceridemia than noncoronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome patients, even after accounting for differences in propofol administration.

Camostat Mesylate May Reduce Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Sepsis: A First Observation

From Critical Care Explorations

The authors present a case series of eleven patients, five treated with camostat mesylate and six treated with hydroxychloroquine.

A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study of Tocilizumab in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations

The authors assessed the impact of tocilizumab therapy and found that it was associated with significantly improved survival in coronavirus disease 2019 patients.

Reversal of the Pathophysiological Responses to Gram-Negative Sepsis by Megadose Vitamin C

From Critical Care Medicine

The authors invesitated the safety and efficacy of megadose sodium ascorbate in sepsis.

Letter to the Editor: Predictors of Mortality and Effect of Drug Therapies in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Cohort St

From Critical Care Explorations

The authors conducted a multicenter cohort study to determine the effect of drug therapies on survival in mechanically ventilated patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Delirium Incidence, Duration, and Severity in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations

The authors found that mechanical ventilation was significantly associated with odds of delirium even after adjustment for sedatives.

A Method to Improve Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Circuit Survival Time in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients With Acute Kidney Injury

From Critical Care Explorations

The authors discuss optimizing continuous renal replacement therapy circuit survival in coronavirus disease 2019 patients admitted to the ICU.

The Use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen in the ICU as a First-Line Therapy for Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Secondary to Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations

The authors characterize outcomes associated with high-flow nasal oxygen use in critically ill adult patients with coronavirus disease 2019-associated acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Epoprostenol and Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Refractory Hypoxemia in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations

In this study, the authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of inhaled epoprostenol and inhaled nitric oxide in patients with refractory hypoxemia secondary to coronavirus disease 2019.

Resolution of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Pulmonary Pathology With Nebulized DAS181: A Pilot Study

From Critical Care Explorations

The authors investigated the safety and effects of nebulized DAS181 on hypoxic coronavirus disease 2019 patients.

Volatile Isoflurane in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients—A Case Series and Systematic Review

From Critical Care Explorations

The authors evalute the use of isoflurane in patients with coronavirus disease 2019–induced acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Almitrine Infusion in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Single-Center Observational Study

From Critical Care Medicine

The authors assessed the effect of almitrine, a selective pulmonary vasoconstrictor, on arterial oxygenation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Would you use remdesivir or steroids as early as admittance to the emergency department? Do you advocate their use?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on November 4, 2020.

Can you discuss basic ICU management for COVID-19 patients in terms of gastrointestinal prophylaxis, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, fluid monitoring, dietary requirements, sedation, and vasopressors?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on August 12, 2020.

What is double anticoagulation prophylaxis?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on October 14, 2020.

What is your typical medication regimen for COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on October 14, 2020.

What is the approach in the emergency department for patients who arrive with potential COVID-19 symptoms? What triage, diagnostic, and treatment practices are in place?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on October 14, 2020.

Are you using convalescent plasma in your practice?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on September 9, 2020.

Does literature on the peripheral vascular administration of vasoactive drugs apply to children as well as adults?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on September 9, 2020.

What is the time frame for placing vascular catheters in these patients for administration of vasoactive drugs?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on September 9, 2020.

How should anticoagulation be approached in the critically ill patient with COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on September 9, 2020.

Vitamin Treatment and Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition in Patients with COVID-19

During this 1-hour activity expert faculty from the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists and the Society of Critical Care Medicine discussed the use of vitamins as adjunctive treatment in patients with COVID-19 as well as the role of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition in COVID-19 patients.

Physiologic Response to Angiotensin II Treatment for Coronavirus Disease 2019–Induced Vasodilatory Shock: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study, the authors found that angiotensin-II treatment for coronavirus disease 2019–induced distributive shock was associated with rapid improvement in multiple physiologic indices and that angiotensin-II in coronavirus disease 2019–induced shock warrants further study.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Retrieval in Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case-Series of 19 Patients Supported at a High-Volume Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Center

From Critical Care Explorations. In this observational study, the authors concluded that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation retrieval can rescue young, previously healthy patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 in whom all the conventional respiratory measures have failed and found that thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications are frequent in this cohort.

Letter to the Editor: Declines in Mortality Over Time for Critically Ill Adults With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Letter to the Editor, the authors report an update to a previous study, finding a decline in mortality rates in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Clinical Outcomes Following Tocilizumab Administration in Mechanically Ventilated Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study, the authors examined the outcomes of critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients treated with tocilizumab and factors associated with clinical improvement.

Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Four Critically Ill Pediatric Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case Series

From Critical Care Explorations. In this case report, the authors report a series of four critically ill pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure who received coronavirus disease 2019 convalescent plasma as a treatment strategy for severe disease.

Antiviral Dosing Modification for Coronavirus Disease 2019–Infected Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Therapy

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study, the authors gathered available published resources including physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties and suggest antiviral drug dosing adaptation for coronavirus disease 2019–infected critically ill patients receiving extracorporeal therapy.

SCCM Pod-421 COVID-19 and Renal Replacement Therapy

The increase in acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients is resulting in more utilization of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Sepsis and Coronavirus Disease 2019: Common Features and Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutic Approaches

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors present some common features shared by severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients and sepsis and describe proposed anti-inflammatory therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 which have been previously evaluated in sepsis.
 

Plasma Exchange: An Effective Rescue Therapy in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection

From Critical Care Medicine. In this single center study, the authors found that plasma exchange mitigates cytokine storm, reverses organ failure, and could improve survival in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 infection.
 

Endothelial Injury and Glycocalyx Degradation in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients: Implications for Microvascular Platelet Aggregation

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors found that thrombosis profiling identified endothelial activation and glycocalyx degradation in coronavirus disease 2019 positive patients and believe that the data from this study suggest that medications to protect and/or restore the endothelial glycocalyx, as well as platelet inhibitors, should be considered for further study.

Dexmedetomidine-Associated Hyperpyrexia in Three Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study of three patients, the authors state that their findings suggest that high doses of dexmedetomidine infusion are associated with hyperpyrexia in a seemingly dose-dependent fashion in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019.
 

Effects of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in “High Compliance” Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

From Critical Care Medicine. In this study, the authors state their data suggest that a ""higher” positive end-expiratory pressure approach in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 acute respiratory distress syndrome and high compliance improves oxygenation and lung aeration but may result in alveolar hyperinflation and hemodynamic alterations.
 

Placenta-Derived Cell Therapy to Treat Patients With Respiratory Failure Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors sought to determinewhether placental cell therapy PLacental eXpanded (PLX)-PAD (Pluristem Therapeutics, Haifa, Israel) was beneficial to treating critically ill patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome due to coronavirus disease 2019.
 

Editorial: Delivering Care From an Unstable Evidence Base: The Evolving Care of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Through the Lens of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Editorial, the authors discuss the challenges of caring for patients with COVID-19 without evidence to guide them through the lens of high-flow nasal oxygenation and how there have been slow changes for improvement.

Letter to the Editor Treatment of Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients With Adjunct Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: A Single-Center Retrospective Case Series

From Critical Care Explorations. In this Letter to the Editor, the authors describe their experience with a series of eight patients receiving adjunct therapeutic plasma exchange for severe coronavirus disease pneumonia complicated by sepsis with multiple organ dysfunction in which C-reactive protein and ferritin levels significantly decreased with therapeutic plasma exchange, whereas D-dimer decreased to a lesser degree.

Role for Anti-Cytokine Therapies in Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. In this narrative review, the authors summarize existing knowledge of the immune response to coronavirus infection and highlight the current and potential future roles of therapeutic strategies to combat the hyperinflammatory response of patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Intracranial Pressure Dynamics and Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient With Acute Encephalitis

From Critical Care Explorations. In this article, the authors describe the intracranial pressure dynamics and cerebral vasomotor reactivity in a coronavirus disease 2019 patient with acute encephalitis treated with cerebrospinal fluid drainage and therapeutic plasma exchange.

Renin-Angiotensin System and COVID-19

This presentation is a review of the renin-angiostensin System and COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

COVID-19 Pharmacology Debates: Management of Delirium, Pain and Sedation

The Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) in their third series of therapeutic debates in the management of COVID-19.

COVID-19 Pharmacology Debates: Steroid and Antiviral Use in COVID-19 Patients

ASHP and the SCCM teamed up in their second series of therapeutic debates in the management of COVID-19. In the first debate, the content matter experts reviewed the latest literature and debate the use of steroids for treatment of COVID-19.

A Centrally Acting Antihypertensive, Clonidine, Sedates Patients Presenting With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Evoked by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors report on a sedation and ventilation method used in France.

Thromboelastography Profiles of Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors reviewed thromboelastography studies in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 to characterize their coagulation states.

Letter to the Editor: Optimizing the Risk-Benefit Balance of Thromboprophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. This Letter to the Editor is in response to an article by Iba et al. (Coagulopathy of Coronavirus Disease 2019) and discusses dosing recommendations of low molecular weight heparin.

Letter to the Editor: Thromboprophylaxis in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Explorations. In this Letter to the Editor, the authors report their adapted thromboprophylaxis practice of low-molecular-weight heparin administration in coronavirus disease 2019 ICU patients.

Alternative Analgesic and Sedative Agents in the Setting of Drug Shortages during the COVID19 Pandemic

This resources detail how to manage drug shortages for alternative analgesics and sedagent agents. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

What data support the use of convalescent plasma? Do you have experience with it? Which patients should be treated with it?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on July 8th, 2020.

Can you give an update on the current literature on using steroids in the treatment of COVID-19? How are you using this literature in your practice?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on July 8th, 2020.

Which patients should be treated with remdesivir and when should it be initiated?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on July 8th, 2020.

Case Report: Acute Limb Ischemia Due to Arterial Thrombosis Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors report a case of peripheral arterial thrombosis associated with COVID-19, resulting in acute limb ischemia of the right lower extremity.

The Combination of Tocilizumab and Methylprednisolone Along With Initial Lung Recruitment Strategy in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Series of 21 Consecutive Cases

From Critical Care Explorations. This articles describes the outcomes with use of a combination of tocilizumab and 34 methylprednisolone administered around the time of endotracheal intubation in patients with 35 confirmed COVID-19-associated hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation.

Letter to the Editor: Corticosteroid Administration Is Associated With Improved Outcome in Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

From Criticial Care Explorations. The authors report on the use of corticosteroids in mechanically ventilated patients with SARSCoV-2 related acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Which is better for anticoagulation in hospitalized non-ICU patients: low-molecular-weight heparin or oral anticoagulants?

In this question and answer webcast, attendees had the opportunity to post questions about managing critically ill patients with COVID-19 and other issues. Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were also addressed. Webcast held on June 19, 2020

What are the differences between disseminated intravascular coagulation and coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients?

In this question and answer webcast, attendees had the opportunity to post questions about managing critically ill patients with COVID-19 and other issues. Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were also addressed. Webcast held on June 19, 2020

What can be done for a critically ill patient with multiorgan dysfunction who is in the ICU on maximum support?

In this question and answer webcast, attendees had the opportunity to post questions about managing critically ill patients with COVID-19 and other issues. Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were also addressed. Webcast held on June 19, 2020

What is the role of steroids in COVID-19 patients? When should steroids be administered?

In this question and answer webcast, attendees had the opportunity to post questions about managing critically ill patients with COVID-19 and other issues. Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were also addressed. Webcast held on June 19, 2020

How effective are medications that target interleukin-6?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 10th, 2020.

Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series

This webcast series engages a panel of critical care experts who will address questions from non-ICU clinicians caring for critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants are encouraged to ask about any related topics at the time of registration or live during the session.

COVID-19 Pharmacology Debates: Anticoagulant and Immunomodulator Use

This webinar debate will cover immunomodulatory therapies and approaches to anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19. Each debate will be moderated by the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) Presidents.

Analgesic, Sedative, and Paralytic Strategies in COVID-19 Patients During Critical Shortages

This presentation provides an overview of strategies for triaging analgesic, sedative, and paralytic agents patients with COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Tocilizumab for Cytokine Storm in COVID-19

This presentation provides an overview of the types of strategies for enhancing sleep in patients with COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Strategies During NeuroMuscular Blocking Agent (NMBA) Shortages

This presentation covers how to manage neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) shortages. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Can you discuss sedation, nutritional needs, and CPR?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 13th, 2020.

Coagulopathy of Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. Recent studies have reported a high incidence of thrombotic events in COVID-19. However, the significance of thromboembolic complications has not been widely appreciated. The purpose of this review is to provide current knowledge of this serious problem.

Routine Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis May Be Inadequate in the Hypercoagulable State of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors sought to determine the frequency of venous thromboembolism in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients and associate a degree of inflammatory marker elevation to venous thromboembolism development. They found that routine chemical venous thromboembolism prophylaxis may be inadequate in preventing venous thromboembolism in severe coronavirus disease 2019.

How can clinicians help patients transition through the ICU and other parts of the hospital to home?

In this question and answer webcast series, attendees had an opportunity to pose questions about managing critically ill patients with COVID-19 and other issues.

What are your thoughts on anticoagulation treatment?

In this question and answer webcast series, attendees had an opportunity to pose questions about managing critically ill patients with COVID-19 and other issues.

What are your thoughts on COVID-19 treatments?

In this question and answer webcast series, attendees had an opportunity to pose questions about managing critically ill patients with COVID-19 and other issues.

Are there any updates on using steroids to treat patients with COVID-19?

In this question and answer webcast series, attendees had an opportunity to pose questions about managing critically ill patients with COVID-19 and other issues.

Letter to the Editor: Evidence of Steroids in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. A letter to the editor in response to Villar et al. article on corticosteroids and COVID-19.

Comparing the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) COVID-19 Guidelines

This webcast was an SCCM COVID-19 expert panel discussion comparing the Surviving Sepsis Campaign COVID-19 Guidelines with the newly released National Institutes of Health Coronavirus (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines.

SCCM/ACEP Presidents' Expert Panel: Unanticipated Consequences of Pandemic Care

This joint webinar was moderated by the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Presidents, along with invited experts from both societies, to address difficult questions regarding managing COVID-19 patients.

What is the recommended role of serial laboratory studies, including troponin, creatin kinase and D-dimer in the management of a hypercoagulable state?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered.

What new drugs are available for COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered.

What is the latest research and level of evidence regarding convalescent plasma therapy?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered.

Using the Surviving Sepsis Coronavirus Disease 2019 Guidelines - Anything New Yet?

From Critical Care Explorations. A letter to the editor of Critical Care Explorations about SSC COVID-19 Guidelines and the need to update these guideines and others regularly to help universally optimize sepsis care due to COVID-19 and help flatten the briskly rising morbidity and mortality curve.

Rationale for Prolonged Corticosteroid Treatment in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors state that inconclusive clinical evidence should not be a reason for abandoning CST in COVID-19-associated ARDS.

Which Corticosteroid Is Preferred?

Steve Pastores, MD, co-author of the Critical Care Explorations article "Rationale for Prolonged Corticosteroid Treatment in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019," answers question regarding the use of corticosteriod treatment for ARDS caused by COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Which Criteria Do You Consider When Deciding Whether to Use Corticosteroids?

Steve Pastores, MD, co-author of the Critical Care Explorations article "Rationale for Prolonged Corticosteroid Treatment in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019," answers question regarding the use of corticosteriod treatment for ARDS caused by COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Intubated and Nonintubated Patients: Which COVID-19-Positive Patients Should be Treated With Corticosteroids?

Steve Pastores, MD, co-author of the Critical Care Explorations article "Rationale for Prolonged Corticosteroid Treatment in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019," answers question regarding the use of corticosteriod treatment for ARDS caused by COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

What Is the Rationale for Using Corticosteroids to Treat Acute Respiratory Failure in COVID-19 Patients?

Steve Pastores, MD, co-author of the Critical Care Explorations article "Rationale for Prolonged Corticosteroid Treatment in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019," answers question regarding the use of corticosteriod treatment for ARDS caused by COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Timing, Dosing, and Duration Recommendations for the Use of Corticosteroids for COVID-19 Patients

Steve Pastores, MD, co-author of the Critical Care Explorations article "Rationale for Prolonged Corticosteroid Treatment in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019," discusses the timing, dosing and duration recommendations for the use of corticosteriod treatment for COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Disparities in the Use of Corticosteroids for ARDS Caused by COVID-19 by Different Organizations: What Is the Right Answer?

Steve Pastores, MD, co-author of the Critical Care Explorations article "Rationale for Prolonged Corticosteroid Treatment in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019," discusses the disparities in the use of corticosteriod treatment for ARDS caused by COVID-19 by different organizations. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

The Rationale for the Use of Prolonged Corticosteroid Treatment for ARDS Caused by COVID-19

Steve Pastores, MD, co-author of the Critical Care Explorations article "Rationale for Prolonged Corticosteroid Treatment in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019," discusses the use of corticosteriod treatment for ARDS caused by COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

How should respiratory failure be treated in patients with COVID-19 in terms of ventilator management?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 15, 2020.

COVID-19 Integrating Critical Care Pharmacists into Safe and Effective Care Delivery in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

This interactive webinar focused on key elements of critical care pharmacotherapy and pharmacy operations in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

SCCM Pod-409 SSC COVID-19 Guidelines

Explore the Surviving Sepsis Campaign’s Guidelines on the Management of Critically Ill Adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Alhazzani W, et al. Crit Care Med. 2020 Mar 27; Epub ahead of print) with host Kyle B. Enfield, MD, and authors Mitchell M. Levy, MD, MCCM, and Waleed Alhazzani, MD, MSc, FRCPC.

What are your thoughts on anticoagulation prophylaxis?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Question and Answer Webcast Series - Webcast 2 held on April 10, 2020.

Surviving Sepsis Campaign COVID-19 Guidelines (Chinese Translation)

COVID-19 Guideline Resource. SCCM has released its Surviving Sepsis Campaign COVID-19 guidelines to manage critically ill adults with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Pediatric concerns: Symptoms, diagnosis and mortality

This presentation is an overview of symptoms, diagnosis and mortality concerns seen when treating pediatric patients with COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

What are your thoughts about using glucocorticoids in patients with severe ARDS secondary to COVID-19 who remain intubated after 7 days?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered.

Surviving Sepsis Campaign COVID-19 Guidelines: Therapy Recommendation Chart

COVID-19 - - Quick Reference Chart. This chart is to be used as a rapid resource when choosing therapeutic options for treating COVID-19 patients.

Surviving Sepsis Campaign COVID-19 Guidelines - Updated 1/29/2021

COVID-19 Guideline Resource.

Surviving Sepsis Campaign: Guidelines on the Management of Critically Ill Adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Webcast participants were able to learn more about the recommendations included in the guidelines regarding infection control, laboratory diagnosis and specimens, hemodynamic support, ventilatory support