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Six-Month Pulmonary Function After Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study, the authors observed preserved long-term volumetric lung function with decreased diffusion capacity of lung carbon monoxide among survivors from severe coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia treated with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.


Natriuretic Peptide Levels and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study, the authors hypothesized that pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level would be associated with mortality and clinical outcomes in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients.


Methylprednisolone and 60 Days in Hospital Survival in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study, the authors found that low-dose methylprednisolone was associated with reduced mortality if given greater than 7 days from onset of symptoms, and no additional benefit greater than 14 days; high dose was associated with higher mortality.


Long-Term Acute Care Hospital Outcomes of Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. In this study, the authors reported that most patients with coronavirus disease 2019 transferred to two Chicago-area long-term acute care hospitals successfully weaned from prolonged mechanical ventilation.


Mortality Among Noncoronavirus Disease 2019 Critically Ill Patients Attributable to the Pandemic in France

From Critical Care Medicine. In this study, the authors found that in hospital units with moderate or high levels of coronavirus disease 2019 critically ill patients, noncoronavirus disease deaths were at higher levels.


Body Mass Index and Mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Other Diseases: A Cohort Study in 35,506 ICU Patients

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors concluded that, the obesity paradox, which is the inverse J-shaped association between BMI and mortality in critically ill patients, is not present in critically ill patients with COVID-19–related respiratory failure in contrast to non-SARS-CoV-2 viral and bacterial respiratory infections. Nevertheless, once admitted to the ICU, obese COVID-19 patients also do not have a higher risk for mortality than patients with normal weight.


Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Among Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: An International Multicenter Coronavirus Disease 2019 Critical Care Consortium Study

From Critical Care Medicine. In an international registry of ICU patients with coronavirus disease 2019, stroke was infrequent. Hemorrhagic stroke, but not ischemic stroke, was associated with increased mortality. Further, both hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke were associated with traditional vascular risk factors. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use was strongly associated with both stroke and death.


Trends in ICU Mortality From Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Tale of Three Surges

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors sought to determine the association between time period of hospitalization and hospital mortality among critically ill adults with coronavirus disease 2019.


Editorial: The Role of the Long-Term Acute Care Hospital Following Critical Illness—Has the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Demonstrated Their Usefulness or Emphasized Their Downside?

From Critical Care Medicine. This Editorial accompanies the article “Long-Term Acute Care Hospital Outcomes of Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019’ by Saad et al.


Editorial: Quantifying the Burden of Viral Sepsis During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and Beyond

From Critical Care Medicine. This Editorial accompanies the article “Coronavirus Disease 2019 as a Cause of Viral Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” by Karakike et al.


Coronavirus Disease 2019 as Cause of Viral Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors report that that majority of coronavirus disease 2019 patients hospitalized in the ICU meet Sepsis-3 criteria and present infection-associated organ dysfunction. 


Trends in 28-Day Mortality of Critical Care Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in United Kingdom: A National Cohort Study, March 2020 to January 2021

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors sought to determine whether the previously described trend of improving mortality in people with coronavirus disease 2019 in critical care during the first wave was maintained, plateaued, or reversed during the second wave in United Kingdom, when B117 became the dominant strain.


Awake Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Failure

From Critical Care Explorations. This report demonstrates that in a selected group of patients, an “awake” venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation approach is feasible and may result in favorable outcomes.


Empirical Assessment of U.S. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Crisis Standards of Care Guidelines

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors found that this proof-of-principle study demonstrates the feasibility and importance of empirical testing of crisis standards of care guidelines to understand whether they meet their goals.


Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Update on research and evidence in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Curriculum Topic: Cardiovascular Complications: Venous Thromboembolism, Myocarditis, and Shock


VTE and COVID-19; Anti-Xa Monitoring in VTE Prophylaxis: Is There a Role?

Controversies in VTE Prophylaxsis; Xa Monitoring for VTE Prophylaxis. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Curriculum Topic: Cardiovascular Complications: Venous Thromboembolism, Myocarditis, and Shock


COVID-19 Persistent and Recurrent Symptoms

Viral Shedding and complications with data interpretations; Case presentation from Concord Hospital - Laconia. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Curriculum Topic: Infectious Complications & Management of COVID-19 Infection / Nosocomial


Infectious Complications of COVID-19; Infection Control in COVID-19

Infection Control and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) during COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content. 

Curriculum Topic: Infectious Complications & Management of COVID-19 Infection / Nosocomial


Treatments of Moderate and Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia

Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Therapies for COVID-19. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Curriculum Topic: Infectious Complications & Management of COVID-19 Infection / Nosocomial


Sedation Practices

Focus on ABC elements of the ICU Liberation Bundle, specifically, 1) depth of sedation, 2) choosing the right agent, 3) daily interruption of sedation. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Curriculum Topic: ICU Liberation Bundle Implementation & Challenges


Promoting Value in Critical Care by Implementing (Next Five) Choosing Wisely For Critical Care; ICU Liberation Bundle (E = Early Mobility)

Overview of the Next 5 Choosing Wisely Statements and how they intersect with the ICU Liberation Bundle. And, overview of the "E" element of the ICU Liberation Bundle. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Curriculum Topic: ICU Liberation Bundle Implementation & Challenges


Family Centered Care

COVID considerations re: the "F" Element of the ICU Liberation Bundle. Cleveland Clinic example of Family Involvement & Engagement. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Curriculum Topic: ICU Liberation Bundle Implementation & Challenges


ABCDEF Bundle Delirium; Post Intensive Care Syndrome: PICS

ICU Liberation Bundle Zooming in on the "D" Delirium Component during COVID-19: Problem and Scope, Assessment featuring Management and Post-Intensive Care Syndrome: PICS. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Curriculum Topic: ICU Liberation Bundle Implementation & Challenges


STOP-VIRUS Learning Community Session

Quality Improvement Concepts and Practice/Implementation Science This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.

Curriculum Topic: Quality Improvement Learning Community Session


Noninvasive Management of Respiratory Failure during COVID-19: Case Presentation; Nutrition Support for the COVID19 Patient = NIV/HFNC

Noninvasive Management of Respiratory Failure during COVID-19: Case Presentation & Nutrition Support for the COVID19 Patient = NIV/HFNC. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content. 

Curriculum Topic: Approach to Respiratory Failure in the COVID-19 Patient


Review of Approved Monoclonal Antibody Treatments for COVID-19

This resource details monoclonal antibody treatments that can be used to treat COVID-19.
This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Interleukin-7 Reverses Lymphopenia and Improves T-Cell Function in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient With Inborn Error of Toll-Like Receptor 3: A Case Report

From Critical Care Explorations. Interleukin-7 Reverses Lymphopenia and Improves T-Cell Function in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient With Inborn Error of Toll-Like Receptor 3: A Case ReportG966


Pharmacotherapy in Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Risk of Secondary Infections: A Single-Center Case Series and Narrative Review

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors sought to evaluate the impact of pharmacologic approach to coronavirus disease 2019 within the ICU on secondary infections and clinical outcomes.


Performance Analysis of the National Early Warning Score and Modified Early Warning Score in the Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial Cohort

From Critical Care Explorations.  In this study, the authors sought to validate prognostic scores in coronavirus disease 2019 including National Early Warning Score, Modified Early Warning Score, and age-based modifications, and define their performance characteristics.


Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Survivors: Evidence of a Sustained Exercise Intolerance and Hypermetabolism

From Critical Care Explorations.  In this study, the authors found prolonged reduced exercise capacity up to 6 months in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 survivors. This disability did not result from residual pulmonary or cardiac dysfunction but rather from a metabolic disorder characterized by a sustained hypermetabolism and an impaired oxygen utilization.


Right Ventricular Dysfunction and Its Association With Mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

From Critical Care Medicine  In this article, the authors assessed whether right ventricular dilation or systolic impairment is associated with mortality and/or disease severity in invasively ventilated patients with coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome.


What are the long-term effects of COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


Do you have any experience with pregnancy during COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


Have any studies been done with immunoglobulin instead of prolactin?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


Are there any nutritional requirements or recommendations for COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


How would you address the recent literature about prolactin as an immunomodulator for COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


What doses of dexamethasone, antivirals, and immunomodulators do you recommend?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


What do you recommend when you are consulted about a patient in the emergency department who is suspected of having COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


What do you think of the concept of silent hypoxia or happy hypoxia?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


When should emergency department physicians admit patients to the ICU and when should they admit patients to the ward?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


How should a patient be managed who does not look terrible and has oxygen saturation 83% and low blood pressure?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021.


What are the first steps when a patient is admitted to the emergency department?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on June 9th, 2021


Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity-2 Associates With Ventilator Dependence in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Respiratory Failure

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study, the authors hypothesized that elevated soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 concentrations, a marker of pulmonary epithelial injury, reflects ongoing lung injury in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease 2019 and associate with continued ventilator dependence.


Letter to the Editor: Lung Abscess in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A French Monocenter Retrospective Study

From Critical Care Explorations. In this Letter to the Editor, the authors report that 17 of 119 coronavirus disease 2019 patients (14%) with ventilator-associated pneumonia developed a lung abscess.


Online Letter to the Editor: Higher Than Expected Severity-Adjusted Mortality in ICU Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: Time to Consider the Contributions of Pandemic-Related Transformations in Structure and Process

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Online Letter to the Editor, the author responds to the article by Higgins et al. entitled “Coronavirus Disease 2019 ICU Patients Have Higher-Than-Expected Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-Adjusted Mortality and Length of Stay Than Viral Pneumonia ICU Patients.”


Technology and Disasters: The Evolution of the National Emergency Tele-Critical Care Network

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Invited Foreword, the authors describe the origins, development, and proof-of-concept testing of the National Emergency Tele-Critical Care Network (NETCCN), a system intended to deliver expertise anywhere needed, at a moment’s notice.


Tracheostomy for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients on Mechanical Ventilation Should Not Be Arbitrarily Delayed

From Critical Care Medicine. This Editorial accompanies an article by Angel et al. entitled “Tracheostomy for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation.”


Editorial: Prone Positioning in Coronavirus Disease 2019: Just Do It!

From Critical Care Medicine. This Editorial accompanies the article by Mathews et al. entitled “STOP-COVID Investigators. Prone Positioning and Survival in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Respiratory Failure.”


Early Intubation and Increased Coronavirus Disease 2019 Mortality: A Propensity Score–Matched Retrospective Cohort Study

From Critical Care Explorations. In this observational study, the authors found that iwithin 48 hours of triage, as well as at any time point in the hospital course, was associated with increased mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 patients.


Respiratory Physiology of Prone Positioning With and Without Inhaled Nitric Oxide Across the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Severity Spectrum

From Critical Care Explorations. In this observational study, the authors found that prone positioning improves oxygenation across the acute positive respiratory distress syndrome severity spectrum, irrespective of supine respiratory system compliance, end-expiratory pressure, or body mass index. There was a greater relative benefit among patients with more severe disease. Prone positioning confers an additive benefit in oxygenation among patients treated with inhaled nitric oxide.


Impact of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on ICU Admissions During Lockdown for Coronavirus Disease 2019 in New Zealand—A Retrospective Cohort Study

From Critical Care Medicine.  In this study, the authors found that the he institution of nonpharmaceutical interventions was associated with a significant decrease in elective and acute ICU admissions and ICU resource use. These findings may help hospitals and health authorities planning for surge capacities and elective surgery management in future pandemics.


Validation of a Crisis Standards of Care Model for Prioritization of Limited Resources During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Crisis in an Urban, Safety-Net, Academic Medical Center

From Critical Care Medicine. In Massachusetts, triage guidelines were designed based on acute illness and chronic life-limiting conditions. In this study, the authors sought to retrospectively validate this protocol to cohorts of critically ill patients from their hospital.


Operationalizing Ethical Guidance for Ventilator Allocation in Minnesota: Saving the Most Lives or Exacerbating Health Disparities?

From Critical Care Explorations. In this article, the authors note that the Ventilator Allocation Score can accurately identify patients with high rates of short-term mortality. However, these high mortality patients only represent 27% of all the patients who died, limiting the utility of the score for allocation of scarce resources. The score may unfairly prioritize older patients and inadvertently exacerbate racial health disparities through the inclusion of specific comorbidities such as end stage renal disease. Triage frameworks that include age should be considered. Purposeful efforts, the authors say, must be taken to ensure that triage protocols do not perpetuate or exacerbate prevailing inequities.


Renal Replacement Therapy for COVID-19 Patients

This resource details an the usage of renal replacement therapy for COVID-19 patients.

This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Extracorporeal Blood Purification for COVID-19 and Beyond

This resource details an the usage of extracorporeal blood purification for COVID-19.

This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Awake Proning with High Flow Nasal Cannula in COVID-19 ARDS

This resource details an the usage of awake proning with high flow nasal cannula in COVID ARDS.
This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Epidemiological and Clinical Characterization of Superinfections in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Explorations. Prevalence of superinfections in coronavirus disease 2019 patients requiring mechanical ventilation was high in this series, and bacterial superinfections were independently associated with ICU or 28-day mortality (whichever comes first).


Examination of Early CNS Symptoms and Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Observational Case Series

From Critical Care Explorations. In this observational study, the authors found that early CNS symptoms, and pecifically encephalopathy, are differentially associated with risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 and may serve as an early marker for differences in clinical disease course.


Scarce Resource Allocation in a Pandemic: A Protocol to Promote Equity, Timeliness, and Transparency

From Critical Care Explorations. Drawing on expertise in critical care medicine, bioethics, and political science, the authors propose a decision-making protocol to ensure fairness in the resolution of conflict, timely decision-making, and accountability to improve system response.


Endothelial Dysfunction as a Component of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2–Related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children With Shock

From Critical Care Medicine. In this article, the authors found that endothelial dysfunction is associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2–related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children with shock and may constitute one of the underlying mechanisms.


Return to Work After Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Intensive Care Admission: Prospective, Case Series at 6 Months From Hospital Discharge

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Online Brief Report, the authors describe rates of return to work versus unemployment following coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring intensive care admission.


Awake Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Without Invasive Mechanical Ventilation

From Critical Care Explorations. This is a case report on the use of awake extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a “treatment” for barotrauma due to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in a coronavirus disease 2019 patient, without the need for invasive mechanical ventilation.


Development and Validation of ARC, a Model for Anticipating Acute Respiratory Failure in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Explorations. In this predictive modeling report, the authors sought to evaluate factors predictive of clinical progression among coronavirus disease 2019 patients following admission, and whether continuous, automated assessments of patient status may contribute to optimal monitoring and management.


Online Letter to the Editor: Optimal Management of Thrombotic Complications in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. This Online Letter to the Editor was written in response to an article by Mirsadraee et al. entitled “Prevalence of Thrombotic Complications in ICUTreated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Detected With Systematic CT Scanning.”


Online Letter to the Editor: Reasons for the Overuse of Sedatives and Deep Sedation for Mechanically Ventilated Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Medicine. This Online Letter to the Editor was written in response to an article by Wongtangman et al. entitled “Association of Sedation, Coma, and In-Hospital Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study.”


Online Letter to the Editor: The Janus Face of Coronavirus Disease 2019–Associated Coagulopathy

From Critical Care Medicine. This Online Letter to the Editor is in response to an article by Doyle et al. entitled “A comparison of thrombosis and hemorrhage rates in patients with severe respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease 2019 and influenza requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.”


Online Letter to Editor: Optimal Patient Selection for the Prophylactic Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. This Online Letter to the Editor was written in response to an article by Santoro et al. entitled “Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: Results From a Multicenter International Prospective Registry (Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for Corona Virus Disease 2019 [HOPE-COVID19]).”


Editorial: Glucocorticoid-Glucocorticoid Receptor Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

From Critical Care Medicine. This Editorial accompanies an article by Vassiliou et al. entitled “Increased Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha Expression and Signaling in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients.”


Editorial: The Long Road to Normalcy Following Survival From COVID-19–Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

From Critical Care Medicine. This editorial accompanies an article by Carenzo et al. entitled “Return to Work After Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Intensive Care Admission: Propsective, Case-Series at 6 Months From Hospital Discharge” and calls for future studies to identify evidence for best practice during treatment of acute phase of infection to mitigate some of the long lasting effects as well as factors to help maximize rehabilitation efforts to help survivors to return to their everyday lives.


Editorial: Coronavirus Disease 2019: There Is a Heart Between the Lungs

From Critical Care Medicine. This Editorial was written in response to the article by Chotalia et al. “Right Ventricular Dysfunction and Its Association With Mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.”


Editorial: Utility of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Immune Profiling for the Clinician at the Bedside

From Critical Care Medicine. This Editorial was written in response to the article by de Roquetaillade et al. entitled “Comparison of Circulating Immune Cells Profiles and Kinetic Between Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Bacterial Sepsis,” which explores the relationship between the immune profile of COVID-19 patients and clinical outcomes.


Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Pandemic Spawning an Infodemic

From Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. In this Special Article, the authors make a call for the field of pediatric critical care to “move forward.” They note that, over a short period, some of the best science and resources have been applied to children with COVID-19 or MIS-C, and that now clinicians and scientists have a different objective: to translate what they learn and know into the highest level of care for patients.


Increased Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha Expression and Signaling in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Medicine. In this study, the authors found that ICU coronavirus disease 2019 patients showed upregulated glucocorticoid receptor alpha and glucocorticoid-inducible leucine zipper expression, along with cortisol levels, compared with ICU noncoronavirus disease 2019 patients. Thus, they concluded, on ICU admission, critical coronavirus disease 2019 appears to be associated with hypercortisolemia, and increased synthesis of glucocorticoid receptor alpha and induced proteins.


Editorial: Do Our Sedation Practices Contribute to Increased Mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Editorial, the authors discuss the article by Wongtangman et al. entitled “Association of Sedation, Coma, and In-Hospital Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome” and suggest that reemploying the use of evidence-based strategies developed over the past 20 years through rigorous controlled trials is one of the best mechanisms by which to help critically ill adults with COVID-19 liberate from the ICU and transition toward recovery and survivorship. 


Editorial: Advancing Telehealth-Based Screening for Postintensive Care Syndrome: A Coronavirus Disease 2019 Paradigm Shift

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Editorial, the authors discuss the article by Martillo et al. entitled “Postintensive Care Syndrome in Survivors of Critical Illness Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019: Cohort Study From a New York City Critical Care Recovery Clinic.” 


Online Letter to the Editor: Postcoronavirus Disease Chronic Fatigue Is Frequent and Not Only Restricted to Hospitalized Patients

From Critical Care Medicine. This Online Letter to the Editor was written in response to a paper by Martillo et al. entitled “Postintensive Care Syndrome in Survivors of Critical Illness Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019: Cohort Study From a New York City Critical Care Recovery Clinic,’ in which the authors reported a high-proportion of patients suffering from chronic fatigue 1 month after discharge from hospital for ICU-treated coronavirus disease 2019.


Ethical Considerations for a COVID-19 Vaccine Mandate

Mandate to vaccinate or nudge if there is no budge? COVID-19 vaccines remain a key weapon in the fight against the deadliest modern-day pandemic the world has seen. In this article, we summarize key facts and ethical considerations for healthcare organizations when considering a COVID-19 vaccine mandate for U.S. healthcare workers (HCW).


Can you comment on the use of palliative care in patients with COVID-19 in the emergency department or ICU? When should we start reaching out to these colleagues?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


What is your opinion of the benefits of zinc?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


What is your opinion of the benefits of vitamin D?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


If a patient develops hypotension in the emergency department, how should this be addressed?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


What is the best approach to acute COVID-19 management in the emergency department?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


Should BiPAP be used in patients with COVID-19 or should it be avoided? If you decide to intubate a patient, which parameters should be used and what initial ventilatory settings do you recommend?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


Do patients with dementia have increased delirium? What is the best way to address this issue at admission to decrease patient suffering later?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


CDC Resources: Disaster

SCCM’s COVID-19 Rapid Resource Center now links to pertinent content from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These resources are categorized as Disaster


CDC Resources: Cardiovascular

SCCM’s COVID-19 Rapid Resource Center now links to pertinent content from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These resources are categorized as Cardiovascular


IDSA Resources: Quality and Patient Safety

SCCM’s COVID-19 Rapid Resource Center now links to pertinent content from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) COVID-19 Real-Time Learning Network. These resources are categorized as Quality and Patient Safety


IDSA Resources: Disaster

SCCM’s COVID-19 Rapid Resource Center now links to pertinent content from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) COVID-19 Real-Time Learning Network. These resources are categorized as Disaster


Can you expand on the use of anticoagulation in patients who have been diagnosed with COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


How should delirium be addressed in ICU patients?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


What processes should be established to update family members on the patient’s progress, especially if the patient is declining?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


What are basic principles of managing patients when they are transferred to the ICU setting?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


What is your opinion on management of patients’ health in the emergency department?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on May 12th, 2021


A Review of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and COVID-19

Is COVID-19 just atypical acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)? Multidisciplinary faculty will discuss the research and varying answers to this question in this SCCM webcast. During this webcast faculty covered evidence-based best practices for airway management now that more is known about COVID-19. The Society of Critical Care Medicine and the American Association of Respiratory Care partnered to produce this webinar on COVID-19. Webcast Recorded on Wednesday, May 26, 2021


Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Pandemic Spawning an Infodemic

From Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. In this Special Article, the authors make a call for the field of pediatric critical care to “move forward.” They note that, over a short period, some of the best science and resources have been applied to children with COVID-19 or MIS-C, and that now clinicians and scientists have a different objective: to translate what they learn and know into the highest level of care for patients.


Editorial: Do Our Sedation Practices Contribute to Increased Mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Editorial, the authors discuss the article by Wongtangman et al. entitled “Association of Sedation, Coma, and In-Hospital Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome” and suggest that reemploying the use of evidence-based strategies developed over the past 20 years through rigorous controlled trials is one of the best mechanisms by which to help critically ill adults with COVID-19 liberate from the ICU and transition toward recovery and survivorship.


Editorial: Advancing Telehealth-Based Screening for Postintensive Care Syndrome: A Coronavirus Disease 2019 Paradigm Shift

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Editorial, the authors discuss the article by Martillo et al. entitled “Postintensive Care Syndrome in Survivors of Critical Illness Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019: Cohort Study From a New York City Critical Care Recovery Clinic.” The Editorial authors conclude that questions remain about when and how to screen for PICS and whether severe COVID-19 survivors have unique symptoms or trajectories compared with non-COVID-19 critical illness survivors, and they emphasize that the main public health message is clear -- critical illness, in general, and severe COVID-19, specifically, are life changing and the critical care community needs to do all it can to prevent the development of PICS and raise awareness.


Online Letter to the Editor: Postcoronavirus Disease Chronic Fatigue Is Frequent and Not Only Restricted to Hospitalized Patients

From Critical Care Medicine. This Online Letter to the Editor was written in response to a paper by Martillo et al. entitled Postintensive Care Syndrome in Survivors of Critical Illness Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019: Cohort Study From a New York City Critical Care Recovery Clinic,’ in which the authors reported a high-proportion of patients suffering from chronic fatigue 1 month after discharge from hospital for ICU-treated coronavirus disease 2019.


Increased Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha Expression and Signaling in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Medicine. In this study, the authors found that ICU coronavirus disease 2019 patients showed upregulated glucocorticoid receptor alpha and glucocorticoid-inducible leucine zipper expression, along with cortisol levels, compared with ICU noncoronavirus disease 2019 patients. Thus, they concluded, on ICU admission, critical coronavirus disease 2019 appears to be associated with hypercortisolemia, and increased synthesis of glucocorticoid receptor alpha and induced proteins.


CDC Resources: Hematology

SCCM’s COVID-19 Rapid Resource Center now links to pertinent content from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These resources are categorized as Hematology


Tocilizumab for the Treatment of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients: Trendy or Tried-and-True?

This resource details an the usage of tocilizumab as a treatment for severe COVID-19.
This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Is Microthrombosis the Main Pathology in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity?—A Systematic Review of the Postmortem Pathologic Findings

From Critical Care Explorations.  In this systematic review, the authors attempted to retrieve and report the findings of postmortem studies including the histopathologic data of deceased coronavirus disease 2019 patients and to review the manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019–associated thrombotic pathologies reported in the recent literature. Diffuse alveolar damage was the most predominant feature in the lungs of coronavirus disease 2019 patients who underwent postmortem assessment. Widespread pulmonary microthrombosis and extensive pulmonary angiogenesis, in addition to frequent pulmonary and extrapulmonary microthrombotic and thromboembolic findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019, appear to be consistent with the disease-specific hypercoagulability.


Letter to the Editor: Less Lumping and More Splitting: Why We Should Not Call COVID Sepsis

From Critical Care Medicine. This Letter to the Editor is in response to an editorial by Shappell et al. entitled “Does Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Cause Sepsis?”


Comparison of Circulating Immune Cells Profiles and Kinetics Between Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Bacterial Sepsis

From Critical Care Medicine.  In this article the authors present a longitudinal analysis of the immune response in coronavirus disease 2019 patients, its correlation with outcome, and comparison between severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients and septic patients. They conclude that severe coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with a unique immune profile as compared with sepsis. Several immune features are associated with outcome and suggest that immune monitoring of coronavirus disease 2019 might be helpful for patient management.


Outcome Improvement Between the First Two Waves of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in a Single Tertiary-Care Hospital in Belgium

From Critical Care Explorations.  In this article, the authors note that the main therapeutic changes between the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the second wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic were use of steroids, unrestrictive use of high-flow nasal oxygen for hypoxemic patients, and transfer of patients to other geographic areas in the case of ICU overcrowding. They found that these changes were associated with a decrease in 30-day mortality, ICU admission, and organ support.


A High Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio Is Associated With Increased Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations.  This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic potential of admission neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients admitted to the medical ICU with coronavirus disease 2019. The authors concluded that the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio at the time of hospital admission is an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality. This prognostic indicator may assist clinicians appropriately identify patients at heightened risk for a severe disease course and tailor treatment accordingly.


A Multicenter Evaluation of Survival After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Explorations.  In-hospital cardiac arrest survival among coronavirus disease 2019 patients has been reported to range from 0% to 12% -- significantly lower than reported prepandemic in-hospital cardiac arrest survival rates of approximately 20% to 25% in the United States for non–coronavirus disease 2019 patients. In this multi-center study, the authors report a 22% survival to discharge after in-hospital cardiac arrest in coronavirus disease 2019 patients, a survival rate similar with before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.


Letter to the Editor: Cytokine Blockade in Coronavirus Disease 2019: Keeping an Open Mind

From Critical Care Explorations.  This Letter to the Editor was written in response to the article by Rizvi and Gallo De Moraes entitled “New Decade, Old Debate: Blocking the Cytokine Pathways in Infection-Induced Cytokine Cascade.”


Timing of Intubation in Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Study of Ventilator Mechanics, Imaging, Findings, and Outcomes

From Critical Care Explorations  The authors sought to determine the variation in outcomes and respiratory mechanics between the subjects who are intubated earlier versus later in their coronavirus disease 2019 course.


Characteristics, Comorbidities, Complications, and Outcomes Among 802 Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Community Hospital in Florida

From Critical Care Explorations.  In this study, the authors reviewed the demographics, characteristics, comorbidities, complications, and outcomes of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and their association with mortality at medical center in Orlando, Florida.


Can you discuss post-COVID-19 care for patients who have had prolonged hospitalization?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


How have sepsis protocols or bundles been used in COVID-19 patients and what is the best way to navigate these bundles, especially regarding fluids?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


Do you suggest encouraging families to delegate a single spokesperson for the family to receive information?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


When should a bacterial superinfection be suspected in COVID-19 patients?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


What is the most appropriate practice for handling information about COVID-19 patients when talking with patients’ families?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


Now that patients are being vaccinated, when ruling out COVID-19 in patients who might have pneumonia or pulmonary embolism, how should their vaccination status be taken into account?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


Many intubated COVID-19 patients are requiring renal replacement therapy. How is acute renal failure prevented in these patients?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


When should furosemide be used in COVID-19 patients? Some COVID-19 patients are presenting with diarrhea rather than respiratory symptoms. Is there any evidence-based treatment for this?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


Can you discuss the use of anticoagulation for blood clot prevention in COVID-19 patients?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


Can you discuss sedation strategies for COVID-19 patients who are on mechanical ventilation or ECMO?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


For COVID-19 patients who are not candidates for mechanical ventilation, which of these patients are candidates for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


Can you discuss ventilator management for the novice clinician and the optimal time for intubation in  COVID-19 patients?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


How is it determined whether early intubation is a good strategy for a patient?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


Which strategies have you found to be most useful in keeping patients off mechanical ventilation and out of the ICU?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on April 14th, 2021


Post-COVID-19: Considerations From ICU to Discharge (Infographic)

This infographic covers pearls on how to mitigate post-COVID-19: from ICU to discharge. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): What Can Be Done in and after the ICU to Lower the Risk of "Long COVID"?

This webinar panel discussed ways to mitigate the risk of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The panelists and attendees participated in an interactive discussion format with case presentations, polling, and given access to a downloadable infographic to use as a resource tool. The Society of Critical Care Medicine and the American Association of Respiratory Care partnered to produce this webinar on COVID-19. Webcast Recorded on Thursday, April 29, 2021


Coronavirus Disease 2019–Associated PICU Admissions: A Report From the Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Network Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study Registry

From Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. This study delineates significant clinically relevant differences in presentation, explanatory factors, and outcomes among children admitted to PICU with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2–related illness stratified by multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.


Functional Outcomes and Their Association With Physical Performance in Mechanically Ventilated Coronavirus Disease 2019 Survivors at 3 Months Following Hospital Discharge: A Cohort Study

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors found that physical disability is common at 3 months in severe coronavirus disease 2019 survivors. Lung diffusing capacity and intermuscular adipose tissue assessed on CT were independently associated with walking distance, suggesting a key role for pulmonary function and muscle quality in functional disability.


Prone Positioning of Nonintubated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

From Critical Care Medicine. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors found that, despite the significant variability in frequency and duration of prone positioning and respiratory supports applied, prone positioning was associated with improvement in oxygenation variables without any reported serious adverse events.


Letter to the Editor: Bias Due to Cohort Construction in the Study of Timing of Invasive Ventilation

From Critical Care Explorations. In this Letter to the Editor, the authors respond to an article by Dupuis et al., congratulating the contribution to the problem of identifying which patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure truly benefit from invasive ventilation and suggesting future studies of invasive ventilation consider using the target trial concept in order to minimize bias and maximize the clinical applicability of results.


Determining Cause of Death During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

From Critical Care Explorations. In this single-center study, the authors found that the majority of deaths in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2–positive hospitalized patients were related to a typical or atypical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 disease.


Frugal Innovation: Enabling Mechanical Ventilation During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Resource-Limited Settings

From Critical Care Explorations. In this commentary, the authors note that low-quality care has become a greater determinant of mortality than lack of access. To address this, they suggest a systems-wide approach to improving the quality of mechanical ventilation in resource-limited settings, which includes consideration of the interdependent ventilator design constraints such as cost and complexity, hospital infrastructure, availability of medications, and trained personnel.


Existing Crisis Standards of Care Triage Protocols May Not Significantly Differentiate Between Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Who Require Intensive Care

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors sought to determine how several existing crisis standards of care triage protocols would have distinguished between patients with coronavirus disease 2019 requiring intensive care.


Health Care Worker Burnout (Infographic)

This infographic details health care worker burnout. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Pressure Injuries (Infographic)

This resource is an infographic detailing pressure injuries. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

This resource details Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PASC). This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Editorial: Convalescent Plasma and Coronavirus Disease 2019: Time for Reassessment

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Editorial, the wonder if the use of convalescent plasma needs to be further whittled to an even smaller subset of patients and ultimately whether there is even a practical role for this therapy in the treatment of COVID-19 particularly in hospitalized patients.


Online Letter to the Editor: Understanding the Underlying Mechanisms of Hyponatremia in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Is Critical Since Treatment Varies Based on Etiology: Let Us Not Forget Critical Illness-Related Corticosteroid Insufficiency As the Treatment

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Online Letter to the Editor, the authors write in response to an article by Frontera et al. in Critical Care Medicine about etiology of hyponatremia in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.


Acute Cardiac Injury in Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Other Viral Infections—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

From Critical Care Medicine. In this review article, the authors compared the rates of cardiac injury by angiotensin converting enzyme-2–binding viruses from viruses that do not bind to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2.


Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Convalescent Plasma Versus Standard Plasma in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infected Hospitalized Patients in New York: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial

From Critical Care Medicine. In this study, the authors found that administration of convalescent plasma to hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 infection increased antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease 2 but was not associated with improved outcome.


Letter to the Editor: Outcomes and Safety of Early Percutaneous Tracheostomy in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Admitted to the ICU

From Critical Care Medicine. This letter to the editor was written in response to "Early Percutaneous Tracheostomy in Coronavirus Disease 2019: Association With Hospital Mortality and Factors Associated With Removal of Tracheostomy Tube at ICU Discharge. A Cohort Study on 121 Patients."


Coronavirus Disease 2019 ICU Patients Have Higher-Than-Expected Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation–Adjusted Mortality and Length of Stay Than Viral Pneumonia ICU Patients

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors compared APACHE-IV–adjusted mortality and length of stay outcomes of adult ICU patients who tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 with patients admitted to ICU with other viral pneumonias.


Coronavirus Disease 2019 Policy Restricting Family Presence May Have Delayed End-of-Life Decisions for Critically Ill Patients

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors investigate if a restrictive visitor policy inadvertently lengthened the decision making process for dying inpatients without coronavirus disease 2019.


Editorial: Capacity Strain and Response During Coronavirus Disease 2019: One Size Does Not Fit All, and One Size Does Not Fit One

From Critical Care Medicine. In this editorials, the authors discuss hospital preparedness in the article "Variation in Initial U.S. Hospital Responses to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic."


Association of Sedation, Coma, and In-Hospital Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors tested the hypothesis that patients with coronavirus disease 2019–associated acute respiratory distress syndrome are at higher risk of in-hospital mortality due to prolonged coma compared with other patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome matched for disease severity.


Surge and Mortality in ICUs in New York City’s Public Healthcare System

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors evaluate the impact of ICU surge on mortality and to explore clinical and sociodemographic predictors of mortality.


Update on Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)

This resource details an update on MIS-C during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Does your institution provide guidelines as to when a patient with COVID-19 needs intensive care? Do these parameters change based on hospital capacity?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


Which markers or patient features would cause you to choose noninvasive or high-flow nasal cannula over intubation for early management of COVID-19 respiratory failure?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


For patients with COVID-19 being treated with intermediate- or full-dose enoxaparin, have anti-Xa levels been checked? If so, have higher-than-expected anti-Xa levels been found?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


Should anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy be used for patients with COVID-19? Should these patients be empirically anticoagulated? How is your institution handling this?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


At your institution, have you used procalcitonin as a trending marker to aid in the identification of pulmonary infection?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


For patients who have acute respiratory distress syndrome from COVID-19 and are on a ventilator, how do you identify secondary lung infections?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


Do you favor pressure or volume control ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome from COVID-19?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


Does ketamine help resolve agitation or delirium? Are hallucinations a possible side effect of ketamine?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


For patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome from COVID-19, how do you prevent delirium when you cannot provide a sedation vacation or spontaneous breathing trial?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


When delirium prevention measures are ineffective for ICU patients with delirium, which therapies do you recommend trying next?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


Which environmental and medical therapies do you believe are most effective in preventing delirium in the ICU?

Questions from social media, blogs and the various discussion forums, including the new SCCM COVID-19 Discussion Group, were answered. This microlearning content was taken from the COVID-19 Critical Care for Non-ICU Clinicians: Expert Panel Series held on March 10, 2021


Variation in Initial U.S. Hospital Responses to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors characterize emergency responses across hospitals in the United States over time and in the context of local case rates early in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.


Percutaneous Dilational Tracheostomy for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors assess the impact of percutaneous dilational tracheostomy in coronavirus disease 2019 patients requiring mechanical ventilation and the risk for healthcare providers.


Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: Results From a Multicenter International Prospective Registry (Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for Corona Virus Disease 2019 [HOPE-COVID19])

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors evaluate the efficacy of anticoagulation in coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalized patients and its impact on survival.


A Comparison of Thrombosis and Hemorrhage Rates in Patients With Severe Respiratory Failure Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Influenza Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors describe and compare rates of venous thromboembolism and hemorrhage in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 against a historic population of patients with influenza pneumonia who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.


The Characterization of the Toll of Caring for Coronavirus Disease 2019 on ICU Nursing Staff

From Critical Care Explorations. In this brief report, the authors conclude there are indications that registered nurses providing care for coronavirus disease 2019 in the ICU reported increased thermal discomfort coinciding with elevated energy expenditure and a more pronounced self-perception of effort, stress, and mental demand.


The Initial Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on ICU Family Engagement: Lessons Learned From a Collaborative of 27 ICUs

From Critical Care Explorations. While the collaborative model can help promote ICU family engagement initiatives, the authors found that coronavirus disease 2019 has impeded implementation of these initiatives even among motivated units.


In Vitro–Administered Dexamethasone Suppresses T Cell Function With Reversal by Interleukin-7 in Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors evaluated the in vitro effects of dexamethasone phosphate on T cell function in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from patients with acute, severe, and moderate coronavirus disease 2019.


Editorial: Be Careful and Protect Yourself, It Is in the Air

From Critical Care Medicine. In this editorial, the authors discuss hospital staff safety in the article "Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 1 and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 During Aerosol-Generating Procedures in Critical Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies" by Chan et al.


Letter to the Editor: Unclear Benefit of Early Tracheostomy In Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. This online letter to the editor was written in response to Early Percutaneous Tracheostomy In Coronavirus Disease 2019: Association With Hospital Mortality and Factors Associated With Removal of Tracheostomy Tube at ICU Discharge. A Cohort Study on 121 Patients" by Rosano et al.


Letter to the Editor: Questioning the Futility of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Patients With Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. This online letter to the editor was written in response to " Is Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Futile in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Experiencing In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest?" by Shah et al.


Letter to the Editor: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Coronavirus Disease 2019: Far from Futile

From Critical Care Medicine. This online letter to the editor was written in response to " Is Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Futile in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Experiencing In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest?" by Shah et al.


Early Tocilizumab Dosing Is Associated With Improved Survival in Critically Ill Patients Infected With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors identify the most efficacious timing for tocilizumab administration in critically ill patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2.


Characteristics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Infection and Comparison With Influenza in Children Admitted to U.K. PICUs

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors describe the nationwide U.K. PICU experience of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection during the first wave of the pandemic and compare this with the critical care course of the 2019 influenza cohort.


Mechanical Ventilation and Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case-Control Analysis of Clinical Characteristics, Lung Mechanics, and Mortality

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors investigated the differences in clinical course, ventilator mechanics, and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 secondary to acute respiratory distress syndrome infection compared with a historical cohort of acute respiratory distress syndrome.


Letter to the Editor: Comparing Seasonal Trends in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient Data at a Quaternary Hospital in New York City

From Critical Care Explorations. In this Letter to the Editor, the authors report initial patient characteristics and outcomes from a large quaternary referral center in New York City between Spring, Summer, and Winter, including prevalence of renal failure, respiratory failure, and mortality; stratified across several key populations of interest including all patients, ICU patients, those requiring of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and high-flow nasal cannula, and those intubated in each time period.


Association Between Treatments and Short-Term Biochemical Improvements and Clinical Outcomes in Postsevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Inflammatory Syndrome

From Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. The authors analyzed the short-term biochemical improvements and clinical outcomes following treatment of children with postsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 inflammatory syndrome (multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children/pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) admitted to U.K. PICUs and collated current treatment guidance from U.K. PICUs.


Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine: What Clinicians Need to Know

In the past few weeks more than 7 million doses of Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen COVID-19 vaccine have been administered to people in the United States. In clinical trials of approximately 40,000 people, the J&J vaccine given as a single shot was 66% effective at preventing the illness due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus known as COVID-19. Because the J&J vaccine is a single shot, it has been preferred in some circumstances.


Maternal Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This resource details maternal mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


COVID-19 and Pregnancy, Management Considerations

This resource details COVID-19 and pregnancy management.

This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Awake Self-Proning in COVID-19 ARDS

This resource details methods for awake self-proning for COVID-19 patients with ARDS. This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Infection Control from the ED to the ICU: Triage to Transport

The care of patients with COVID-19 requires careful steps for preventing infection of staff and other patients throughout the continuum care from the emergency department to the ICU. This webinar consisted of an expert panel discussion of questions and case studies that addressed burning questions. Participants also received an infographic with pearls from the panel experts to help in their practice. Webcast Recorded on Friday, March 26, 2021


Infographic: Infection Control from the Emergency Department to the ICU

This infographic resource details best practices to mitigate infection control from the ED to the ICU.

This is SCCM curated COVID-19 microlearning content.


Online Letter to the Editor: Is “Mega-Dose” IV Vitamin C Required for Septic and Critical Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients?

From Critical Care Medicine. This online letter to the editor was written in response to “Reversal of the Pathophysiological Responses to Gram-Negative Sepsis by Megadose Vitamin C” by Lankadeva et al


Online Letter to the Editor: Resuscitation and Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Reappraisal

From Critical Care Medicine. This online letter to the editor was written in response to the article “Is Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Futile in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Experiencing In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest? By Shah et al.


Online Letter to the Editor: Judging Futility of Resuscitation Attempts for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Requires Better Time Data

From Critical Care Medicine. This online letter to the editor was written in response to the article “Is Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Futile in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Experiencing In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest? By Shah et al.


Postintensive Care Syndrome in Survivors of Critical Illness Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019: Cohort Study From a New York City Critical Care Recovery Clinic

From Critical Care Medicine. In this article, authors found that survivors of critical illness related to coronavirus disease 2019 are at high risk of developing postintensive care syndrome.


Online Letter to the Editor: Is Mortality Rate of Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 So High?

From Critical Care Medicine.  This is an online Letter to the Editor in response to “De Novo Renal Failure and Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Critical Coronavirus Disease 2019” by Forest et al.


Online Letter to the Editor: Potential Endotype Transition for Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Sepsis With Longitudinal Transcriptome Profiling

From Critical Care Medicine. This an online Letter to the Editor in response to the article by Sweeney et al. “Validation of Inflammopathic, Adaptive, and Coagulopathic Sepsis Endotypes in Coronavirus disease 2019."


Online Letter to the Editor: Plasmapheresis Efficiency in Coronavirus Disease 2019: More Related to What You Add and Not What You Take Away?

From Critical Care Medicine. This is an online Letter to the Editor in response to the article by Fernandez et al. “Plasma Exchange: An Effective Rescue Therapy in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection.”


Thromboelastography Parameters and Platelet Count on Admission to the ICU and the Development of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Coronavirus Disease-2019

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors’ data, discussed in this article, did not support the use of thromboelastography to risk stratify critically ill adults with coronavirus disease 2019 for the development of venous thromboembolism or to guide decisions about anticoagulation.


Changes in Stress and Workplace Shortages Reported by U.S. Critical Care Physicians Treating Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Medicine. In this study, the authors found that stress, staffing, and, to a lesser degree, personal protective equipment shortages faced by U.S. critical care physicians remain high, with stress levels higher among women.


A Systematic Review of the Incidence and Outcomes of In-Hospital Cardiac Arrests in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Medicine. The authors investigated the incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and describe the characteristics and outcomes for patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest within the ICU, compared with non-ICU patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest.


Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus 2 Infection and Organ Dysfunction in the

From Critical Care Explorations. In this review article, the authors summarize the current state of research in coronavirus disease 2019 pathophysiology within the context of potential organ-based disease mechanisms and opportunities for translational research.


Rapid Development of a Tool for Prioritizing Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 for Intensive Care

From Critical Care Explorations. In this study, the authors share a new approach for rapidly developing a decision-support tool for prioritizing patients with coronavirus 2019 disease for admission to ICUs.


ICU Bed Utilization During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in a Multistate Analysis—March to June 2020

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors examined ICU census trends in relation to ICU bed capacity during the rapid increase in severe coronavirus disease 2019 cases early during the pandemic, and concluded they concluded tha ttheir findings demonstrate the short-term adaptability of U.S. healthcare institutions in redirecting limited resources to accommodate a public health emergency.


Detection and Profiling of Human Coronavirus Immunoglobulins in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors performed anticoronavirus immunoglobulin G profiling of critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients to better define their underlying humoral response.


ABCDEF Bundle and Supportive ICU Practices for Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: An International Point Prevalence Study

From Critical Care Explorations. This point prevalence study showed low implementation of the ABCDEF bundle for patients with COVID-19.


Physiologic Improvement in Respiratory Acidosis Using Extracorporeal Co2 Removal With Hemolung Respiratory Assist System in the Management of Severe Respiratory Failure From Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. In this retrospective case series of 29 patients, the authors demonstrated efficacy of extracorporeal Co2 removal using the Hemolung Respiratory Assist System to improve respiratory acidosis in patients with severe hypercapnic respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease 2019.


Collaboration Between Tele-ICU Programs Has the Potential to Rapidly Increase the Availability of Critical Care Physicians—Our Experience Was During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Nomenclature

From Critical Care Explorations.  The authors describe implementing a connected network between two tele-ICU programs to support staffing and rounding during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in the United States.


Standard Sedation and Sedation With Isoflurane in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

From Critical Care Explorations. The authors describe sedative and analgesic drug utilization in a cohort of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and compare standard sedation with an alternative approach using inhaled isoflurane.


Virtual Communication Embedded Bedside ICU Rounds: A Hybrid Rounds Practice Adapted to the Coronavirus Pandemic

From Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. In this article, the authors found that hybrid rounds employed during pandemic facilitated social distancing while retaining patient-centered multidisciplinary ICU rounds but compromised teaching during rounds.


Online Letter to the Editor: Early Percutaneous Tracheostomy in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era: Shining New Light on Old Questions

From Critical Care Medicine. In this Online Letter to the Editor, the authors comment on an article by Rosano et al. in which it was demonstrated that early tracheostomy can be performed with acceptable safety in the midst of a pandemic and note that the study raises important questions related to the downsides of routinely performing tracheostomy, tailoring timing of tracheostomy and optimal protocols for decannulation.


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